Re: Asteroid!
That's an easy one. Here comes the nerd...
Astronomy probably has more transparency and cooperation than any other science field out there.
If I knew, you can bet that someone in the field would too - in very short order. No reason to keep a secret that can't be kept. Besides, I would be putting everyone to work.
We have likely already likely had such an event - the giant-impact theory that formed the moon was the result of Theia (asteroid or proto-planet) strikin the the earth causing the ejecta to form our little satellite. There was no life around then, but it did form and flourish 1.4 billion years after the strike. We have us and a moon to show for it!
Though we (especially nerds) would be doomed, I'd work with everyone willing on the planet to save extremophiles, chemophiles, viruses, bacteria, prions, virons, and any other life that could live and evolve without light and moderate temperatures on the opposite side of the calculated impact location.
I'd be spreading the word so the last human achievement would be saving the little Adams and Eves of a planet soon to be wiped clean in hopes they would get things going again.